Pascal is a programming language first created by Professor Niklaus Wirth, a member of the International Federation of Information Processing (IFIP) in 1971. By taking the name from the French mathematician, Blaise Pascal, who first created the calculating machine, Professor Niklaus Wirth made the Pascal language is as a tool to teach computer programming concepts to students. In addition, Professor Niklaus Wirth, Pascal also made to complement the shortcomings of existing programming languages at the time.
The advantage of the Pascal programming language are:
* Data Type Standards, standard data types that are available in most programming languages. Pascal has a standard data types: boolean, integer, real, char, string,
* User Defined Data Types, programmers can create other data types derived from standard data types.
* strongly-typed, the programmer must specify the data type of a variable, and variables can not be used to store data type other than the specified format.
* Structured, has a syntax that allows the writing of the program is broken down into smaller functions (procedures and functions) that can be used repeatedly.
* Simple and Expressive, has a simple structure and very close to human language (English) so easy to learn and understand.
PASCAL language is also the language used as the standard programming language for the national team Olympic Komputer Indonesia (Toki). In addition, the PASCAL language is still used in the IOI (International Olympiad in Informatics).
In Pascal there are several types of data types that can be used for a variable or constant in the program. These data types include
Data Type Description (range variable)
Byte : number from 0 to 255
Integer : numbers from -32 768 to 32 767
Real : all fractional values of 1E-38 to 1E +38
Boolean : value of TRUE or FALSE
Char : all characters from the ASCII table
String : all the letters, spaces, phrase
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